Designing for Water: Holistic Strategies for Resilience & Resourcefulness
Photo credit: Ed Wonsek
The following post was provided by HMFH Architects.
Water is everywhere, but we often overlook its presence and impact. While it’s essential for all forms of life, from flora to fauna, it also carries destructive potential.
That destruction can be slow, deteriorating a building over time through small fissures in the envelope. Or it can be immediate and catastrophic, causing widespread damage through storms or floods. Plus, water’s effects can be both coastal and inland; its path is indiscriminate, crossing property lines, municipal boundaries, and state lines.
Below, we explore architectural strategies to value water as a resource and design for collection, reuse, and resilience:
Bristol County Agricultural High School
Graphic credit: HMFH Architects
A Holistic Approach to Water Management
At HMFH Architects, we strive to design more holistic, multi-scale approaches to water management that value it as a resource. Prioritizing strategies which lower consumption along with retaining and reusing water onsite.
Our daily consumption of water has far-reaching impacts—on both the water cycles that sustain us and those that threaten us. By designing holistically, we can reduce consumption, support recharge, and respond more effectively to storm events.
There are challenges, though. For one, certain agencies and regulatory bodies have created rules limiting creative solutions that could conserve potable water and protect us from local and large-scale flooding events.
But, as always, there are opportunities to design around the challenges. Here are two strategies to work with water:

Bristol County Agricultural High School
Photo credit: Ed Wonsek
Turn Stormwater into Supply
One of the biggest opportunities in architecture to simultaneously save potable water and improve site performance is to reuse stormwater.
Traditionally, stormwater design focuses on removing water—and this is true at every scale, from site to neighborhood, municipal, and regional. But in an effort to quickly carry water away, we are missing opportunities to collect and save it for reuse.
Modern stormwater collection and reuse systems can help find a balance.
For example, stormwater collection and reuse systems can capture and disinfect water to both manage runoff on site and provide non-potable water for basic building needs, such as toilet flushing, irrigation, and cooling.
At Saugus Middle High School, for example, HMFH designed a stormwater collection and reuse system that includes three 30,000-gallon cisterns. These cisterns capture stormwater from the roof and return it to the building, where it is filtered and disinfected. That water is then reused in multiple ways, serving as the supply to flush all the school’s toilets, as well as an irrigation source for perimeter planting beds and the natural turf athletic fields.
The stormwater system also works in tandem with the site’s stormwater detention structures and rain gardens to keep more water onsite during storm events.

Graphic credit: HMFH Architects
Reduce Demand at the Source
Another key strategy to conserve potable water is to reduce demand altogether, especially the use of potable water for non-potable needs.
Reducing consumption has multiple benefits.
First, reducing how quickly we consume water from reservoirs, aquifers, or ground wells helps ensure availability during times of drought. Limiting consumption can also bring potential cost benefits.
Bristol County Agricultural High School is another example of smart water management.
In the school’s new Science Building, HMFH incorporated composting toilets and water-efficient fixtures. With this two-part approach, the school was able to achieve an estimated 68% reduction in flush-fixture water use and a 32% reduction in flow-fixture water use—even as the student population increased from 450 to 560.
The composting toilets are free from atypical odors, require only minimal maintenance, and also produce a usable byproduct.
Still, while effective and sustainable, adopting this kind of system requires a mindset shift for both designers and clients who may be more accustomed to traditional solutions.

Bristol County Agricultural High School
Graphic credit: HMFH Architects
Green Infrastructure for a more Sustainable, Water-Smart Future
Green infrastructure broadly describes the integration of surface-based natural systems with traditional, manmade infrastructure. For example, green infrastructure can include features like green roofs, rain gardens, tree structures, or landscape swales.
These solutions can slow, collect, and reuse water—but their impact depends on how intentionally they’ve been designed and applied. To make a meaningful difference, it’s important to treat green infrastructure as a central, visible, celebrated part of the site, not an afterthought.
The challenge—and opportunity—is to develop new ways to both manage and value water in a way that’s sustainable and site-specific. Thinking outside the traditional boundaries for water management can lead to more enjoyable spaces that provide exciting solutions which embrace our need and love of water.

Bristol County Agricultural High School
Photo credit: Ed Wonsek









































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